Bladder stones, also known as uroliths, are a common condition in guinea pigs. These are mineralized masses that form in the bladder and can cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty urinating, blood in the urine, and pain. If left untreated, bladder stones can lead to serious health problems, such as bladder rupture, kidney damage, and even death.

Diagnosing bladder stones in guinea pigs can be challenging, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other urinary tract problems. Your veterinarian may perform a physical exam, run blood and urine tests, and use imaging tests such as X-rays or ultrasound to make a definitive diagnosis.

While some small stones may pass on their own, larger stones often require surgical intervention. Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for bladder stones in guinea pigs, as it is the most effective way to remove the stones and prevent recurrence. The surgery typically involves opening the bladder and removing the stones, but the exact procedure may vary depending on the size, location, and number of stones present.

Your veterinarian may prescribe pain medication and antibiotics to help manage pain and prevent infection. It is important to follow all post-operative instructions and keep a close eye on your guinea pig's behavior and urine output during the recovery period.

In addition to surgery, there are some dietary changes that can help prevent the formation of bladder stones in guinea pigs. Providing a balanced diet that is high in vitamin C and low in calcium can help reduce the risk of stone formation. Additionally, making sure your guinea pig has access to clean, fresh water at all times can help flush out the bladder and prevent the buildup of minerals.

Overall, bladder stones in guinea pigs can be a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. If you suspect your guinea pig may have bladder stones, it is important to seek veterinary care as soon as possible. With prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, most guinea pigs can recover from bladder stones and go on to live healthy, happy lives.